KUALITAS KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

Kepemimpinan pada dasarnya adalah proses mempengaruhi orang lain. Selain itu, kepemimpinan biasanya juga berarti kemampuan untuk mempengaruhi, menggerakkan, dan mengarahkan suatu tindakan pada diri seseorang atau sekelompok orang untuk tujuan tertentu.

Dalam organisasi kemampuan untuk mempengaruhi, mendesak dan mendorong pengikutnya didasarkan pada kekuasaan yang dimiliki oleh seorang pemimpin. Keefektifan seorang pemimpin dalam mempengaruhi orang lain, sangat ditentukan oleh seberapa jauh seseorang mempunyai kekuasaan.

Semakin banyak kekuasaan, maka akan semakin mudah seseorang untuk mempengaruhi orang lain. Akan tetapi dengan kekuasaan yang banyak seseorang tidak secara otomatis dapat memimpin organisasi dengan efektif. Hal ini sangat tergantung banyak faktor antara lain kemampuan pemimpin, kemampuan bawahan dan lingkungan.

Perilaku pemimpin pada pendekatan situasional dapat dikelompokkan menjadi dua: yaitu Perilaku Directive (Perilaku dalam tugas) dan Perilaku Supportive (Perilaku dalam hubungan sosial). Kepemimpinan ini adalah untuk yang tidak melakukan pengarahan dari perilaku penjelasan peran yang diukur oleh keadaan dimana pemimpin mengijinkan bawahan untuk mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan dengan cara menanyakan masukan dan kontribusi dari karyawan.

Banyak manajer, pemimpin perserikatan dan akademisi menurut Soon Hee Kim (2002), bahwa praktek manajemen partisipatif mempunyai pengaruh positif yang substansial terhadap kinerja dan kepuasan dalam pekerjaan.

Selanjutnya dalam penelitian Shea (1999), bahwa pemimpin yang menggunakan kepemimpinan perbandingan secara terus-menerus memiliki kualitas output yang lebih tinggi daripada mereka yang bekerja dibawah gaya kepemimpinan terstruktur atau kharismatik. Penemuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa dengan berpusat pada kenyamanan dan pengetahuan yang baik dari individu, gaya perbandingan mungkin membantu mereka beristirahat dan untuk bekerja lebih cepat daripada kepemimpinan terstruktur yang menekankan jumlah dari pekerjaan untuk dapat diselesaikan dari waktu yang disediakan.

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